Tragic Heroines: Medea and Clytemnestra Essay -- Aristotle, Greek trage

Aristotle (384-322 B.C. believed that tragedy, as an imitation or mimesis of life as it could be, held more importance than history, which simply records the past. He considered that performance of a tragedy provided the hone cathartic experience for an audience, leaving them spiritually purified and inspired. He felt spectators seeing and experiencing great hardship befall the funs hero or heroine would hand this emotional state and benefit from it.The tragic hero, according to Aristotle, must be substantively good and be of high or noble birth. The misfortune that precedes their evenfall must evoke compassion and pity. The tragic hero must experience a peripeteia. Two of the most famous Greek tragic heroes (heroines) were Medea and Clytemnestra. They share characteristics Aristotle deemed essential for the heroic character in a tragedy. They are both of high rank. Medea is a princess and a sorceress, and Clytemnestra was the de facto ruler of Argos in Agamemnons absence. Thei r tales initially evoked sympathy, simply hamartia and hubris were instrumental in each womans downfall. Both suffer significant peripety as victims of their overly passionate natures. Clytemnestra is obsessed by the desire for retaliation over the death of her daughter at the hands of her husband, Agamemnon. While Clytemnestras passion is for revenge, Medeas is her unreasonable love for Jason, which turns into seething hatred. Clytemnestras peripeteia begins the moment Agamemnon sacrifices their daughter, Iphigenia. Heartbroken and grieving, Clytemnestra schemes, plotting vengeance for her daughters death. She obsessively plans her husbands murder for so many years that it becomes a fait accompli. Clytemnestra greets his return with fa... ...s got to be done, -- do it without flinching. Whatever I do, my life will be unhappy. Ill armor my heart with callousness, and take the sword in my hand...try to forget that they are my children and that I love them. I however need forget for a short time. And then I can remember all my life. (Medea, pg. 343, 344).Revenge is at the core of the Greek tragedies Agamemnon, the first play in the trilogy Oresteia (Aeschylus (525 - 455 BC), and Medea (Euripides (431 480 B.C.). The protagonists in each play are women who carry out horrifying acts of revenge on their husbands. Both characters Clytemnestra and Medea are at once heroines, villainesses and victims. plant CitedCorrigan, Robert W. Classical Tragedy, Greek and Roman 8 Plays in Authoritative Modern Translations Accompanied by Critical Essays. New York, NY Applause Theatre Book, 1990. Print.

Definition Essay - Defining Community :: Definition Essays

description Essay Defining CommunityHow would someone define the word confederation? A corporation could be anything. If one were to listen to an everyday conservation, the word community, would likely be white plagued very little. The word community has multiple meanings, ranging from communist or collectivized society (Emerson) to the quality of appertaining to or being held by completely in common (Oxford).Due to the many meanings of the word community, volume have learned to complete community for other words. Most of the definitions are common has in a society linked by common interests but, would you really say a overawe community? Of course not, you would say a herd of buffalo. Unfortunately, community is really only used if someone were to be talking about w here slew live. nonetheless the meanings of community dont announce themselves when people use the word. Working with a service agency (YouVote), community is used quite a bit. We worked a lot with the commun ity of Michigan Sate University. Would Michigan asseverate University students all have common interests? We all have the common interest to come here but, not common degrees, or classes. If its different at MSU would it be different everywhere else?In the 1971 Webster Dictionary the last part of the definition reads, or region linked by common interests. In straightaways society most people living in a community arent linked by common interests. A lot of people have different interests, beliefs, and way they go about living their lives from their neighbors. A more(prenominal) sinless definition, is, a group of people living in the said(prenominal) locality and under the alike government (Dictionary.com). Now wouldnt that definition be more suitable? It probably best describes most of todays community actually. Take for example here at Michigan State. There are people most all different cultures, backgrounds, and sexual preferences (please dont take to offense). Communities ar e just, for the most part, made up of people who live around separately other. They may not like each other, or be like each other but one common interest they do same is they all have dreams. The word community has been changed to try to get in touch to how people live together today.Definition Essay - Defining Community Definition EssaysDefinition Essay Defining CommunityHow would someone define the word community? A community could be anything. If one were to listen to an everyday conservation, the word community, would probably be used very little. The word community has multiple meanings, ranging from communist or socialistic society (Emerson) to the quality of appertaining to or being held by all in common (Oxford).Due to the many meanings of the word community, people have learned to substitute community for other words. Most of the definitions are common has in a society linked by common interests but, would you really say a buffalo community? Of course not, you would say a herd of buffalo. Unfortunately, community is really only used if someone were to be talking about where people live. Even the meanings of community dont announce themselves when people use the word. Working with a service agency (YouVote), community is used quite a bit. We worked a lot with the community of Michigan Sate University. Would Michigan State University students all have common interests? We all have the common interest to come here but, not common degrees, or classes. If its different at MSU would it be different everywhere else?In the 1971 Webster Dictionary the last part of the definition reads, or region linked by common interests. In todays society most people living in a community arent linked by common interests. A lot of people have different interests, beliefs, and way they go about living their lives from their neighbors. A more accurate definition, is, a group of people living in the same locality and under the same government (Dictionary.com). Now wouldn t that definition be more suitable? It probably best describes most of todays community actually. Take for example here at Michigan State. There are people most all different cultures, backgrounds, and sexual preferences (please dont take to offense). Communities are just, for the most part, made up of people who live around each other. They may not like each other, or be like each other but one common interest they do same is they all have dreams. The word community has been changed to try to relate to how people live together today.

Rosenberg Spies Essays -- Julius Ethel Rosenberg Nuclear Weapons Essay

Rosenberg Spies In 1951, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were convicted ofpassing information to the Union of Soviet SocialistRepublics (USSR) concerning the construction of nuclearweapons. In 1953, the United States Government punishthem. Some say, the Rosenbergs received their justpunishment. Many historians feel that the trial was unfair,and that international claims for clemency were wronglyignored. These historians claim that the Rosenbergs wereassassinated by the US government. This report go forth be ananalysis of the trial, the events which led up to it, and itsaftermath. What Led to the Arrest? The first clue Americahad that a Russian spy ring existed in the US was thediscovery of a KGB codebook on the Finnish battlefieldduring World War II. When compared with Germanysmachine-scrambled codes, the code appeared to berelatively primitive a certain set of rime correspondedto a word, letter, or essential phrase. There was a littlecatch though the codebook was to be read with acorr esponding page that every KGB officer was given.Because the American ciphers did not have thecorresponding page, there were an infinite number ofpossibilities that could have corresponded to the book,making deciphering it impossible. (Milton 7) Klaus FuchsIn 1944, the FBI raided the New York offices of theSoviet Government Purchasing Commission, a known frontfor the KGB industrial espionage operations. When theFBI began to go through what they had taken, they foundthat many KGB officers did not adhere to their ordersdiligently. They were told to dispose of all theircorresponding sheets. Many memos and other letterwere carelessly stored away, instead of being destroyedafter their use. After much studying of all the confiscatedletters of the KGB, including the new sheets, the cipherswere now able to elucidate some(a) of the codebook they hadfound earlier. In 1949, a report by Klaus Fuchs wasdeciphered. This was Americas first solid evidence thatthere was a spy ring operating within t he US. borders. TheAmerican authorities had some doubts, however. It waspossible that Fuchs was not a spy and somehow the KGBhad obtained his report. After much investigation, the FBIarrested Fuchs. Along with other evidence, a letterdeciphered by the FBI had a reference to a British atomicspy, whose sister was att... ...y after a jurysrecommendations. From the day the Rosenbergs wereindicted to three days before their execution, this act wasignored. Astonishingly, nobody realized, including theprosecutors, defendants, or any judges, that this was beingignored. A lawyer from the West Coast raised the issuethat suggested to somebody that the Rosenbergs werebeing wrongly executed. Even after the issue was raised,the peremptory Court ignored it and the Rosenbergs wereexecuted anyway. Still today, there is an ongoing and bittercontroversy as to why the Rosenbergs were put to death.(Sharlitt 27) Bibliography Allen, Thomas, and NormanPolmar. Merchants of Treason. New York DelacortePress , 1988. Burkholz, Herbert, and Clifford Irving. SpyThe horizontal surface of Modern Espionage. New York MacmillanPublishing Company, 1969. Eisenhower, Dwight. MandateFor Change. Garden City Doubleday & Company, Inc.,1963. Milton, Joyce, and Ronald Rodash. The RosenbergFile. New Haven Yale University Press, 1997. Meeropol,Michael, and Robert Meeropol. We Are Your Sons.Boston Houghton Mifflin Company, 1975. Sharlitt,Joseph. Fatal Error. New York Macmillan PublishingCompany, 1989.

Great Depression Themes in 42nd Street :: essays research papers

Great Depression Themes in 42nd StreetSeen through a particular exonerated and given specific occasions in the read, we can see how 42nd Street echoes the general attitudes of the Great Depression. Particular characters in the film exemplify the blind drunk citizens of the time, the common laborer, and Julian Marsh (Warner Baxter) portrays a life-force, Franklin Roosevelt, bringing hope along with his radical Deal.Throughout the film, there is a dichotomy exhibited through the members of the production and the financiers, viz. Abner Dillon. He represents the side of competitive capitalism, while the actors stand for a community. The actors identify with each other because they are all in the same situation and each need the job to survive. Abner, on the other hand, has the money to throw around whimsically, for the difficulties facing the nation do not have the devastating effect on the wealthy that they have on other classes. Hard times have fallen on the nation and they reali ze that it will take a gathering effort to pull themselves out of the Depression. While the competition is cut-throat and individualized off of the set, as we see with Dorothy Brachs arrangement with Abner Dillon, the sense of collectivity is emphasized on stage. principal the march against the depression and maintaining the collective voice, is Julian Marsh. He can be equated with Franklin Roosevelt his work ethic can be seen as a reflection of the New Deal. As Roosevelt gave hope, optimism, and unity to the nation Marsh gives the same to the cast members of 42nd Street. Marsh fights for the actors because he is in the same situation as them, not exclusive of it like Abner. He is in poor health, and yet, he takes responsibility on seemingly, he cannot afford to pass up the job. He realizes that it is going to take a lot of hard work to make the show a success (end the depression) so he works the actors night, day, and in-between. Marsh may seem like a slave driver, but this is be cause he knows that it is going to take an immense amount of work for the show to go on. A key scene in the film is when Abner is going to pull out of the production, but Julian pleads for him not to. Obviously, we see that Julian is looking out for the interests of the hundreds of workers who need the show, while Abner is merely concerned with his testify selfish desires.

The Devils Arithmetic - Relationships Essay -- Jane Yolen

The Devils Arithmetic is written by Jane Yolen. The storys main character is Hannah. Hannah is a thirteen year old missy who is unappreciative of her family and everything they do for her. During a Seder dinner, Hannah is transported back in time to rural Poland in 1942. In this time Hannah becomes Chaya. During a wedding procession, she is captured and taken to a slow-wittedness camp. In the camp Hannah experienced different kinds of family structures. Some of the family structures Hannah experienced in the camp were with her immediate family, her friendships, and with other strangers.During her time as Chaya, Hannah was involved in legion(predicate) family structures. One of which is with her immediate family. She witnessed self sacrifice of herself and the others around her. While getting ready for her Uncle Shmuels wedding, she received two glowering ribbons. Her Aunt Gitl gave her a blue dress, and to go with the dress she gave Hannah a pair of blue ribbons, which she had be en saving for her wedding night. These I was saving for my wedding night-about which you know so much, (pg. 6) Gitl sacr...

The Devils Arithmetic - Relationships Essay -- Jane Yolen

The Devils Arithmetic is written by Jane Yolen. The storys main character is Hannah. Hannah is a thirteen category old girl who is unappreciative of her family and everything they do for her. During a Seder dinner, Hannah is transported back in time to rural Poland in 1942. In this time Hannah becomes Chaya. During a wedding procession, she is captured and interpreted to a concentration camp. In the camp Hannah experienced different kinds of family structures. Some of the family structures Hannah experienced in the camp were with her immediate family, her friendships, and with other strangers.During her time as Chaya, Hannah was involved in many family structures. One of which is with her immediate family. She witnessed self sacrifice of herself and the others around her. While getting ready for her Uncle Shmuels wedding, she received two blue ribbons. Her auntie Gitl gave her a blue dress, and to go with the dress she gave Hannah a pair of blue ribbons, which she had been saving for her wedding night. These I was saving for my wedding night-about which you know so much, (pg. 6) Gitl sacr...

Quality and Reliability Essay

You subway Enterprises are a marketing and distribution company that is engaged in providing foreign Caribbean products of high quality to persons in diaspora that currently reside in North America and Europe. Quality and reliability are two critical success factors. You Tube has been using its website as it principal point of contact for its customers. You Tube Enterprises were recently awarded a major contract to supply a major chain in Europe, Marks and Spencers. It is recognised that persons of Caribbean origin are a significant percentage of the population .This is in addition to the growing popularity of Caribbean food among other sectors of the population. In ball club to successfully fulfil this contract, higher levels of productivity by You Tube suppliers are required in order to meet the price and response time requirements. You, as Marketing Manager, are expected to work closely with the Human Resource Managers of the four main suppliers to develop a reward system that w ill alter greater reliability with respect to response time and assure quality and compliance with HACCAP1 requirements.1. Outline the factors that You Tube Enterprises must consider in the design of such(prenominal) a reward system to ensure its success, i.e. to ensure that the programme is beneficial to both the employees and the supplier company and 2. Develop a draft proposal for love by the Board and Management of each company. In your proposal you should indicate I. Whether and why the Plan should be group ground or individual based II. The quantum of risk employees should be prepared to accept in their total package i.e. the quantum of incentive pay to total compensation III. Whether incentive pay should fully deputize traditional pay and the reasons for this recommendation IV. The criteria by which performance will be judged and how will this be communicated and disseminated to staff and their supervisors V. The administration of the reward system, i.e. whether short or pertinacious term and whether the pay-outs should match the production cycle and the required delivery schedules

Pertussis

Perquisite has made a reemergence In well-vaccinated populations. Pathogenic adaptation and the decrease In strength be most likely the cause of the reemergence of perk. There is pressure for vaccinum research because of the revitalization of the pathogen. Perquisite remains one of the leading causes of vaccine preventable deaths in infants under 1 year of age. Perquisite is a Gram-negative, bacillus c alled Bordello perquisite. This bacterium binds to the ciliated epithelial cells in the misanthropy of the upper respiratory tract. Disease institution depends on age and history of previous Infection or vaccination.Young Infants present apneas and occasions, with or without disease symptoms. Adults and teens usually show mild symptoms, and have a regular(prenominal) prolonged cough. The human Forestalled are classified as anamorphic, but on that point is evidence of genetic variation in B. perquisite. As far as vaccines, there are dickens types of licensed perquisite vaccines. The first generation is whole cell vaccines (Wows), which are killed cells. The second generation Is cellular vaccines (Cave), which stick out virulence particularors. The Wows contain whole dead cells that can cause more adverse effects compared to Cave, which have been gradually replacing Wows.Some of the virulence factors that the CAB uses are pertains, filamentous humiliating, two familiar corpses, and chemically detoxified perquisite toxin. Wows induce type 1 helper T cells, which assist isotonic T cells. Wows also induce a across-the-board antibody response against a range of surface antigens. Oafs induce type 2 helper T cells, which assist B cells. It causes a high antibody response against the vaccine antigens presented. Both of these vaccines give satisfactory long-term protection against perquisite. WAC Is estimated to protect for 4-12 years and the PVC could last 5-7 years.Programs to vaccinate began in the sass with the WAC. This caused a dramatic astragal in mortal ity and morbidity in children. Perquisite disappeared in the industrialized world in the ass and ass. Infants that are too young to be in full vaccinated are at the highest risk for severe disease. Adolescence and adults are prone to mild Illness from perquisite. There has been a steady Increase, since the ass, In cases of perquisite In countries with successful and long lasting vaccination programs. The two key factors responsible for the resurgence in vaccinated are the appearance of new B. Reroutes strain variants, ND the gradual loss of the protective immunity from vaccines. This is all still under investigation and depends on the subpopulation and countries reporting. Antigenic mutations in 8. perquisite have been noted all around the world. The fact that B. perquisite strains are more Isolated in vaccinated populations than In non-vaccinated populations supports the possibility of mutation of the bacteria. Immune pressure on B. perquisite can eventually cause functional inact ivation or complete deletion of genes coding for them. B. perquisite strains may be able to evade the potentiality of vaccines being given.Human perquisite peculiar(prenominal) insubordinate mechanisms protect against disease rather than infection, and are not long lived. Ant-perquisite antibodies can minimize Infection by preventing bond paper to respiratory epithelial cells by neutralizing toxins and by removing bacteria through postulation and compliment- Perquisite infection induces Gig antibodies. There is a wide interest in human and Maurine T-cell responses specific for B. perquisite. Humeral and cell-mediated responses readily react to B. perquisite. So far no single specificity, type or level of effectors mechanism has been declared for protection.Re-evaluation of current Reroutes wight models is necessary in perquisite vaccine research and development. Collecting isolates from the population is also extremely important for the treatment of the new strains of B. perqui site. Studying what is happening with the immune system and how the bacteria have mutated will help prevent many cases of perquisite. I chose this topic because I wanted to learn more about the resurgence of perquisite in vaccinated populations. The article was well written. What I have learned in microbiology definitely helped me understand exactly what the article was saying. Isolating the specific reasons that B. Artists has reemerged is an ongoing study. It is extremely important to collect the specific strains from the population getting sick. These strains will help scientist develop better protection from perquisite. This article focuses on the fact that we need animal models to understand why this disease is reemerging. In order to develop effective vaccines for perquisite these studies are necessary. Resurgence of Perquisite Calls for Re-evaluation of Perquisite wildcat Models.

Mark Twain and William Hazlitt’s Comparison

Ideas can be conveyed in many different ways dependant on the modulate, look and diction of the piece. Both William Hazlitt and Mark Twain present a actually similar topic in two very different ways. Hazlitts discipline of Women speaks of how classical education is not proper for women. Twains Female Suffrage reiterates the idea that women should not be able to vote or uphold public office. Hazlitts 1815 essay is a true opinion of his own feelings against having educated females. 1867, a different time with similar ideas, is the setting of Twains piece. He portrays how the relationship between suffrage and women is completely ridiculous. These authors use different vogues to display completely opposite points.Hazlitt wastes no time getting to his point in order to drive it into the minds of the haveers. He intends that his audience is only the educated male society. Hazlitt feels that women do not need to be anything more than generally educated. He attempts to bring over hi s audience to accept his views and practice them. Twain, on the other hand, is creating a witous situation which picks at the number of crazy positions that his wife holds in the community. He is not trying to make the audience think that female suffrage is bad. Twain intends that all people will read his piece for comic relief.Hazlitt uses a very straightforward type of diction in his essay. He explains his points and backs them up with his own opinions and observations. He is very authoritative and arrogant in the way he speaks.They be mere egoists. They have no passion for truth, nor any love of what is purely idealHe feels that his way is the right and only way to think. Since he speaks unto the educated community, he uses well-accepted ideas to communicate his points. Twain uses hyperbole, an approach very different from Halzitts zeal. Twain takes the offices held by his wife and exaggerates them to a humorous level. His diction is very relaxed and calmed. The tone Twain te nds to adopt can be misinterpreted as self-centered, but his intent is only to bring a sense of fun to the audience.Hazlitts effect of style is very powerful. The essay is very convincing and if it is read to establish ideas, it is nothing short of excellent. The way he compiles the words with his diction, makes the points in his essay incredibly moving. When read by the desired audience, this piece is quite moving and powerful. If a female reads this, the expected reaction is a sense of loathing. Twain accomplishes his goal of being humorous and entertaining. His combination of creative ideas with a serious topic displays his great deal of writing skills. The reader is torn between believing what Twain writes and seeing the humor of hyperbole. The reader is very amused by the decisions that have to be made on interpretation.Hazlitt and Twain use different style, tone and diction to explain to readers their feelings on touchy issues. Hazlitt uses very powerful and persuasive ways of speaking to convince his readers that the education of women is completely unnecessary. Twain is quite entertaining to read because he pokes at his wifes positions. He assumes that the reader will identify that he is only attempting to entertain his audience. Both authors are very different in style but by using different types of writing, they prove totally different points with the same subject.

Demand and Supply Curves

We have a certain commodity, pure Malaysia Laptop, whose market we are going to analyze. Assume that exogenous (external) forces are equal in magnitude, succession supplydemand curves are unitary elastic. Given a certain event/scenario, (a) analyze the curve/s affected, shifts or movements and the direction, and (b) effect to counterpoise price (P*) and equilibrium quantity (Q*) Scenario 1 a. Prices of optical drives suddenly increase The product cost has increased so the supply decreases and in the end the price go up.The supply curve shifts to the leftfield. b. A new market-standard operating system is released to the market but costs at least 50% higher than the previous interpretation This issue is considered another production cost so the supply curve shifts to the left. The supply decreases and price goes up. c. News spread that local laptops were contaminated with melamine direct decreases because people buy less due to the news so the demand curve shifts to the left an d the Q and P twain decrease. d.Video chatting and internet-on-the-go become fad New engineering makes people buy more of the product so demand increases and as a consequence the demand curve shifts to the right and price and quantity both increases. Scenario 2 a. China laptop manufacturers were permitted to enter the Malaysian market Cheaper products attract consumers, so the demand for our product decreases. The shift in the demand curve goes to left and the P and Q both decreases. b. Average desktop computer prices have plunged to all-time lowsIf desktop computers become cheaper the demand for laptops decreases so the demand curve shifts to left and eventually the P and Q decrease. c. New taxes were imposed to laptops sales (per unit tax) Imposing new taxes to laptops is additional cost for the production. so it affects the supply and the supply curve shifts to left. so the P increases and Q decreases. d. A recession/economic downturn cause the income of consumers to decline and cause the prices of laptop parts to increaseWhen consumers income decreases, the demand goes down and the demand curve shifts to the left. On the other hand the prices of laptop parts increases and that makes the production costs to increase so the supply decrease and the supply curve shifts to left. So the quantity decreases while we have an ambiguous equilibrium price. Scenario 3 a. Biggest local laptop manufacturer suddenly become bankrupt and the government gives subsidy to consumers to purchase educational and computer-literacy cerebrate goodsBy the biggest local laptop manufacturer going bankrupt, our companys supply goes up and eventually the price goes up. The demand curve shifts to the left. So the Q decreases. b. New production techniques were adopted by local laptop manufacturer and prices of inputs in the production of desktop computer decline significantly When the prices for laptops decease the demand goes up and as a consequence the demand curve shifts to the right so the price and quantity increase.

A Culture of Resistance: The Chipko Movement

Society as a collective entity could easily influenced an several(prenominal) hardly in the selfsame(prenominal) manner the society could also be shaped by people. This is exemplified through and through the melodic theme of cultutral fortress which is a political activity that enables individual to create or change political discourse and eventually political practices (Duncombe, 2002). The Chipko Movement of India is a good example to better understand this.The Chipko Andolan also know as hugged the trees hunting expedition is an environmental activist that started in the grassroots level. Its origins could be traced back in March 1973 at Gopeshwar in the Chamoli district, in Uttar Pradesh, India.A group of citizens bound each other hand in hand to create a human chain and hugged the trees to prevent a sport company from cutting it down. The same incident took place in the village of Reni in the Himalayas during the year 1974.Women coming from this village also protected the trees by hugging them despite the license devoted by the Government Department of Forests that enables the contractors to cut them. Ever since the Chipko Movement attracted attention coming from other people in India (Dwivedi, 1996).The Chipko Movement addresses the bother of inequality that is hap in the distribution of natural resources. The usage of commodities like trees creates a conflict in the country of India because of the contradicting demands for it. The marginalized minority utilizes this resource as a means that would jut their livelihood. On the other hand, trees atomic number 18 needed in order to address the demands of commerce and industry (Shiva & Bandyopadhyay, 1986).The inequlity in this situation is not only in hurt of the unequal distribution of natural resources but also in terms of the power and influence that big corporations have as compared to the marginalized citizens of India. It is something that usual political practices could not solve and some times even tolerate as in the case of the 1974 incident in the Reni Village, which is why the Chipko Movement decided on a unseasoned method of addressing the problem.In order to fully comprehend this effect as well as the tactics that it utilized there should first be an understanding of Mahatma Gandhis political orientation when it comes to conflcit as well as the diverse religion of India. Gandhi is famous for leading non-violent forms of struggle that overthrew the colonial rule of the British in India.He was able to combine the idea of ahimsa meaning no harm or wanton killing with social struggle. This non-violent activists deems that the integrity will eventually emerged as long as one society is committed in standing for it (Kamieniecki, 1993).Gandhis Satyagrahaor the search for truth was adapted by the Chipko movement through the Forest Satyagraha which means the continuous search for truth in terms of the rights of trees. This movement follow the idea of non-violence i n fighting for their cause that goes as far as including non-human forms (Dwivedi, 1996).Forest Satyagraha does not only answer sparing and environemtal problems because it also has its religious aspect. The major religions in India promotes compassion for all life regardless of its contribution to human beings (Kamieniecki, 1993). Its religious basis also comes from the fact that this movement is participated and led by women. Women play a very vital role in the family particularly in the Himalayan area.They are more in oppose with the natural environment because they have the task of gathering woods and other agricultural products for their family while their spouses leave them behind to work in urban areas.Himalayan women are also more religious than their male counterparts which is why they believe that green trees are the dwelling place of Hari or the Almigthy Father. Every tree has their own Vriksadevata or tree god and that the goddess of the forests, Van Devi will assure t he safety of their family (Dwivedi, 1996).Mahatma Gandhi strongly believes in the importance of Indias various values and cultures. He deems that the problems they are facing could square off its solutions in the very ideals that they have. His concept of Satyagraha which was later on used by the Chipko movement as Forest Satyagraha is a clear example of how non-violent form of resistance could work against unequal and cruel foes like large corporations.This method that they have utilized is rooted in the very culture of India which is their strong religious sentiment that gives importance in valuing all forms of life (Dwivedi, 1996).The tactics that was used by the Chipko Movement tends to reform the issue of inequality in the local and structural level. It is long-familiar that Hindus practice the caste system wherein its citizens are divided according to particular groups (Perez, 2004).This kind of structural system already paved the way for inequality to propagate. in that re spect are people who enjoy the privileged and powerful position and those who are marginalized. Being the case, inequality in the distribution of natural resources is bound to happen with such kind of system.The Chipko Movement strives to change this very inequality that is embedded within Indias structure and it became evident in a more localized level in the issue of logging. This movement started tackling inequality in the issue of the utilization of trees in the grassrootsbut this problem is just an effect of what is really happening in the structural level.Their actions started in giving immediate response in what is happening in the local level but the attention it acquired enabled it to highlight the root cause of the problem in the upper level. It does not only stop within the state institutions of the Indian government but it also reach the international level.Many states are using the ideals of the Chipko movement as an example on how the pressing problems in ecology and environmental sustainability could be deal with. (Agarwal, _).Using a non-violent method to addressed the causes that the Chipko Movement is advocating for reflects that they decided to deal a different approach in solving problems. It is an approach that embodies their very culture and ideals.Their understanding of the problem is dependent upon the thinking that its solution would come from these factors that they uphold. This is support by Gandhis same belief in the power of Indias rich cultural heritage and its capability to solve the dilemma that their country has (Dwivedi, 1996).This social movement greatly believes in non-violence and the preservation of all forms of life. These beliefs influence their understanding of the problem and the path that they chose to addressed it.They saw the importance of trees in their livelihood that is why they protected it through the embraced tree tactic. This non-violent form of resistance symbolizes their understanding that to be able to s olve this dilemma compassionate means should be practiced.If they decided to find solution to the problem by using adversarial tendencies then they contradict the very ideal that they are fighting for. It is the Gandhian principles of ahimsa and satyagraha that they based their movement on. They have to uphold these principles in the decisions that they hire and in the actions that they take.

Comparative and Contrast

Compare and contrast essay How far will you go for the person that you wonder? This is the question that most mates want to know before they go further with their partner. Different people have different answers and reasons for this question. Even between cupid and chief & Orpheus and Eurydice. These two Greek stories have the same topic, which is how far will you go for the person that you love.These love stories are different in footing of theme until the story itself. These two stories are actually easy to understand but they have similarities and differences between them. First lets discuss about similarities they are both(prenominal) a story about love and also how much they love their partner and how far would they go for the person that they love, even if the way how to get impale their partner is different but the main topic of the story is still the same.They did several things to get their partners back, even if in the end of the story is not unendingly them living in the world but still in the end of these stories they went back together. The person whos trying to get back their partner in these stories also get second chances in completing their journey, they both failed because of curiosity. Both of them are so impatient and curious so thats the reason why they fail. Even if theres a lot of similarities already but there are also differences in this story.Psyche was so curious and that she opened the watcher secret box and by that it made her work wasted, she wasnt equal to give back the box to Aphrodite so she failed while in the other tory Orpheus was able to get Eurydice back but then he was so impatient and curious if Eurydice is still with her or not so she looked back and then Eurydice was direct back to the underworld. There are different gods who impact the story, in the story cupid and psyche Aphrodite is the one who impact the story but in the story Orpheus and Eurydice netherworld and Persephone are the two gods who is includ ed.But above all the way how they get back their partner is the sweetest in the first story Aphrodite gave a lot of things for psyche to do and she really did everything to get cupid back while Orpheus went to the underworld to get Eurydice back, these two melodys that they did is very tiring and it needs a lot of efforts but they still do it for their partners just to get them back. Between the two stories, it shows how some people actually care so much about their partner and even the would do the hardest job that could be possible just to get them back.

Campbell’s Life Essay

Born on April 13, 1933, Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbell is one of the few politicians of note who blush in the political circles carrying proudly his Indian ancestry. He is proud of his native Australian American heritage. His sense of pride and loyalty to his roots and to his culture was seen through his actions as well as through his clothing it was as if he was wearing his culture, identity and heritage. For example, he was seen wearing ceremonial tribal clothing as he attended the opening of the National Museum of American Indian (NMAI) .It was considered as a major aspect that has created, established and sustained the overall persona that is Senator Campbell all passim his life, especially during his political life . Campbells ad hominemity of hinging so much of who he is as he presents himself to the earthly concern on his being a Native American Indian was just enough for people to forget that there were truly men who preceded Campbell who, just like him, were partly Native American Indian and also won elected public office.One of them served in an office even higher than Campbells and that would be Charles Curtis, who would eventually become the first debility president of the United States who is a Native American Indian. The highest elected office ever held by an Indian in the US was the vice presidency . different Campbell, Curtis was from the Kaw tribe hailing from Kansas. In his vein was quarter of blood from this tribe. Also, he was an attorney before getting elected, unlike the more blue-collar type of jobs that Campbell pursued azoic in his life before shifting to jewellery designing and production later on.Nonetheless, both elected men argon good and honorable men who made the Native American Indian community proud. But even with men like Curtis and how they were bigger men politically, the Indians appreciate Campbells efforts at staying with his promotion as the American Indian holding office at the senate and at the congress. T his personality/attitude more than compensates for the fact that he was not the first of his kind. Although not the first Native American senator, he is the first to make a statement with his Indianness. Indeed, he, too, was a record maker of sorts, and in many ways. This is what the paper pull up stakes explore throughout the discussion on the different aspects of personal and political life of Senator Campbell, who, in November 3, 1992 made a historic feat by sightly the first American politician with Native American roots to be elected as a senator. It was something that hasnt happened in more than the six decades that has passed in the senate register prior to his election to the office.Prior to that, he became the sixth politician with Native American heritage and ancestry to be ever elected to the congress, a seat that was given to him through the votes of the public for three times . Senator Campbells Indian heritage is no secret. In fact, it seems that it is one of his ma ny major personal characteristics that the media, as well as his colleagues, often refer to or address, particularly his being Indian, and his respectful stature in the Indian community, like being a Yankee Cheyenne Tribe chief, a position he and only 43 others possess .Because of Campbells pride towards his heritage, his people in return are doing ways to let Campbell know that his act of holding on to his Native American Indian roots and not covering it up with modern sidereal day personality just to suit his high echelon colleagues and. So that he will suit their taste for a particular company, his native Cheyenne are deviation out on a limb just to celebrate the victory of one of their most accomplished sons. For example, many Cheyenne individuals joined the parade.Some of them worn-out(a) as much as they can spare just to lavish Campbell and the parade with the decorations fitting to the act of congratulations coming from the Cheyenne tribe. Some actually spent more than th ey could spare just so they can claim Campbell as their own and they can show how proud they are of Campbell. Six of the riders were Northern Cheyenne, who had bankrupted themselves to show the world that Campbell was one of their own . Despite his Indian American / Native American Indian roots, Campbell was a Catholic from the time his mother, also a devoted catholic, had him baptized when he was still a baby by bringing him and his sister Alberta to a church to be baptized just stringent to the time Campbell was born, until the time when he seemed to have had a falling out with the Catholic faith. But Campbell, during his adult life and especially during his tenure as public office politician, drifted from religion, and proof of this is the item unspecified marked on the space allotted for the identification of religious affiliation of the individual.This distinction, again, made Senator Campbell someone who is different from the abatement of the field in the 106th Congress. He was the only one whose religious affiliation was unspecified, although there were no clear explanation(s) why such was the case it could be anyones guess, from clerical error, mistake, or other reasons . His sudden dissociation with the Catholic faith was a move turn of events for Campbell. There are many good things that the Catholic faith has done for Campbell, especially during his youth.For example, there is the role of the faith during the times they were sent to the orphanage by their parents because they cannot take care of him and his sister because of their mothers sickness and their fathers alcoholism and inability to financially support them. While the Catholic faith and the orphanage system had their share of bad reputation, history points how the Catholic experience was a relatively good one for Campbell. In retrospect, Campbell recalled how the nuns and priests, who took care of him when his parents were unable to take care of him, treated him well.In his recollectio n of his age with these priests and nuns, as he narrated it for his biography published in book form, he mentioned just several instances wherein he was punished like being sent inner(a) a pig pen to be with a huge pig. The reason for his pains against Catholicism maybe rooted in the things that he never verbalized, in the things which he only referred to as painful memories of his childhood, some of which he experienced in the orphanage . If he saw flaws in the orphanage, then it is not surprising if he also saw flaws in Catholicism because the two are one and the same during his youth.

Ghost Story Essay

Examinations be tests for evaluating a book human races knowledge. The sit system of reading ignores the students individual skills and intelligence. Pargonnts and teachers judge a students dominance through testings. The Indian system of information is based on the pattern set up by the British. Nothing much is taught beyond the class and further examinations determine the degree or grade of a student. Various Commission, which were set up to im strengthen this system recommended practical training and periodical tests. Cheating, leaking of question text file and other plundered practices, that accommodate cropped up in the examination system should be checked. the aim of education should be to equip the student to face the tough participation of intent. Examinations aim at judging a students knowledge in a specific time frame and in analyzing whether the student has gone through a true course of study satisfactorily. Tests enable the teacher to know how rise up the student has understood the subject. A good go out makes the teacher as salutary as the parents happy. The apparent movement of the teacher is rewarded when a student passes an examination and vice versa.Thus, a teachers dedication towards his art is judged through examination. Examinations admirer the parents to assess their childs capability. Parents become proud of their children when they come well in the examinations. Students become alert when examinations are at their door step. They utilize their time for preparation. Examinations make them work tall(prenominal) for scoring good marks. Some schools award citations and certificate and give scholarships to those students who excel. Such awards prompt the students to work hard. Examinations help the teachers and the parents in analyzing the amount of labor put in by the students in gaining knowledge. Teaching is always fol lower-rankinged by tests because the tests give an impression as to how well the students have under stood the subject. A good result helps the teacher feel relieved at his success in imparting education to his pupils while a drab result indicates that there is a need of more effort on the teachers part.Thus, examinations are also a means of judging a teachers dedication towards his profession. With the help of the result of examinations parents cannister make the right assessment of their child caliber. If he is weak in his studies, they could guide him upgrade in the subject. f his performance is up to the satisfaction of his parents, they would be proud of him. However, there are certain flaws in the examination system. The system of education in India is based on the pattern set up by the British. The knowledge imparted is restricted to the syllabus. Students are taught according to the prescribed syllabus. Nothing much is taught beyond the syllabus. When a student is unable to gasp a particular subject, the seeks private tuitions or enrolls himself in a coaching job institu te. Students tend to learn their subjects by heart, without applying their mind. Thus, cramming enables some students to pass examinations. Most students look towards their examinations with an anxious mind.They, at a very young age, begin to feel the tension and stress of examinations. Examinations are just the first in a series of tests that initiate young ones into a competitive world. But the importance attached to them is unreasonably high. During the examination period and till the result is declared, not yet the students but also their parents and tutors preserve tensed. It is determine as a do-or-die battle. Students do not have enough spare time for games and are unable to give wings to their hobbies due to the burden of examinations. Failure in the examination arouses a felling of low self esteem and negative self-image in the minds of the students. At times, students break down under pressure to perform and resort to extreme measures like running away from their home s or even committing suicide.Today school psychologists or school counselors give them proper advice to increase the efficiency of learning in schools and handle to pressure of examination. A positive mental state can improve ones chances of success. Leakage of question cover, write and cheating in examination halls have become a common affair. Bribery and other corrupt practices also have crept into the examination system. Even some of the teachers check the examination papers without assessing them properly, as a result of which students suffers. Examinations give a degree or a grade to the student. The prevailing system of education does not help the students to make their career in life or to earn a comely living. The youth who fails to get the desired percentage of marks suffer the most. In order to overcome the shortcomings impart in our educational system, many genteelness Commissions were set up from time to time to suggest changes in the pattern.Action on their suggest ions Central Board of Secondary Education and other State Boards of Secondary Education decided to introduce a separate steam of vocational education. harmonize to educational experts, ongoing military rank is more effective than board examinations. They have recommended that Class X examinations be made mandatory only for those who want to opt out of formal education. Further, it has been suggested that class XII examination be staggered over a two-year period. They have recommended the need for a new pattern which would impart education thought training. Educational experts feel that the educational system being obsolete and redundant is not serving the purpose of educating the youth. They have felt the need to evaluate a students performance during the whole year.This could make the examination system more acceptable. According to the new method adopted by many public schools, examinations would remain a part and parcel of the education system. However, periodic tests will be he ld at regular intervals. The syllabus would include practice exercise at the end of each lesson. This will help the student in grasping the subject matter properly. The aim of education should be to equip the student for the tough battle of life, build his character and soulality, widen his sphere of knowledge and qualify him for employment. The student should not only be taught lessons from books but also lessons from practical life. The educational system should not only be theoretical and faculty member but also give practical knowledge. Students should not be encouraged for rote learning.Projects and term papers may encourage an engagement with the subject matter and are more likely to add inwardness and substance to a students knowledge base. When History, Geography and Maths are reduced to unblemished digits on a mark sheet, they cease to inspire, give joy, or nurture the faculty of inquiry. Nevertheless, the system of examination, frequent for centuries, cannot be chang ed overnight. It will take some time to change the system. While this transition take place, the corrupt practices, cheating and leakage of question papers related to examinations should be checked. Parents should not make their love qualified to the performance of their children in the examinations. Their expectation level should be reasonable. With this and with the revised system of education, examination will prove beneficial for the students.Good health is a boon. It is the real jewel of life, the most precious possession of man. If a man losses his health, the world losses all it ch armor for him. A good wealth of health can be obtained in a number of ways. It needs regular exercise, good food, good thoughts, and cleanliness. A reasoning(a) person does not spend money on medicines and visiting doctors. Just opposite, a sluggish person is another form of hell of diseases. The simplest and most traditional definition of health is that it is the exoneratedom of sickness and di seases. According to World Health Organisation (WHO), a branch of the United Nations, health is physiological, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease. Next to life itself, good health is the most precious gift and is necessary for a purposeful existence. Sound mind in a sound form is an old formulation. Healthy persons can work for long hours without getting tired. They can enjoy all the pleasures of life, whereas ulcerated persons cant.The world has no charm for them. They are always worried due to their physical complications. wealthiness has no importance for them. To keep good health no money is needed. It can be achieved only through our efforts and proper health care. We can maintain good health only if we are aware(predicate) of various factors which affect our health. There are certain things which are essential for retentiveness our body free from diseases. Nutritious food comes first. We should takeVpnly that food which has nutritious valu e. Some regularity in life is also outstanding for good health. We should get up early in the morning, go out for a walk, breathe in fresh air to keep our lungs clean and in good order, and take brisk walk, move arms while walking. Maintaining clean habits is also important in this regard. If we dont take bath regularly, dont wear clean clothes, dont eat fresh food, we may develop physical complications in the long run.Hence regularities, good habits and cleanliness have great value in maintaining good health. match sleep and rest are also useful in this regard. We know that a great compete of the waste matter in our bodies escaped by means of the skin, which contains many millions of tiny drainpipes called pores. If we neglect keeping our bodies clean, these pores get choked up and the waste matter cannot escape. Hence we must keep this important crest in our mind and do accordingly. Laughter is the best medicine of good health. So, we should keep calm by overcoming anger, gre ed, fear, envy and enmity. Life of a healthy man is his long lasting wealth. It makes him able to enjoy life to the full. Those who are wealthy may not always be healthy but the healthy mint are always wealthy. Sayings about health and wealth have been noted throughout time.Benjamin Franklin was quoted as saying, Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. This has been a popular saying for centuries. The saying health is wealth may also inspire the belief that without good health, a wealthy man cannot fully enjoy his riches. Conversely, a healthy individual has the potential to achieve his goals. An individual in minute health may have the ability to become wealthy, but a person who is ailing may never have the opportunity to bring his dreams to life.When a quote or saying becomes widely employ and extremely popular, it generally tends to be passed on throughout the years. Health is wealth is one of those sayings that has remained popular for many year s. In the study of language and humanities, the common phrase health is wealth can be sort out as a mainstay expression. Quotes have been coined from many philosophers and authors throughout history. Health is wealth may be known as a phrase, a saying, or an expression. Another saying or expression that has comparable meaning is When you have your health, you have everything. This saying means that the healthy individual is extremely wealthy in a fundamental way.

Toward a Typology of Food Security in Developing Countries,Governance Division, and International Food Policy Research Institute. Essay

world(prenominal) forage SuppliesIntroductionQuestion 1 Globalization and technology enable victuals producers to access a wider market, increase opportunities, and competition with fodder total and consumption. Countries and artless multinationals position their picture systems, according tothe world(prenominal) market. Food supply postulates a systematic analysis of the nutrition labor mathematical operationes and strategies for ensuring consistency in production and supply chain. Collaboration and partnerships at various levels has been adopted to facilitate in large-scale production, processing, and supply. The following study provide discuss the problems with worldwide provender supplies, possible solutions, and the implicationsof the suggested solutions.Discussion According to Bingxin et al. (2010),availability of nourishment, its accessibility, utility of regimen, and stability are vital in global intellectual nourishment supply.These are the abst ract factors of intellectual nourishment supply and diet security. Availability of food in one part of the world does not guarantee supply to the parts with scarcity. Accessibility of food is dependent on international relations between countries and international organizations such(prenominal) as the World pile Organization (WTO). Utility of food proceeds supply of food be wee-wee of the cultural orientation towards certain types of food. Other than the conceptual aspects, Thomsett (2011) and Olson (2012) believed that problems in the food supply could stem from the product value chain and the supply chain. The food process chain may comprise of production at the farm level, storage, processing facilities, transportation of the processed foodstuff, distributors, and retailers. Farmers require advance(a) technology and machines to handle the produce into the form that can be exported. Lack of processing mill and plants limit the food supply into the developed economies (Bingxin et al., 2010). Inadequate storage facilities affect the global food supply because of food wastageat the production level. Perishable foodstuff requires quick transportation and modern preservation methods such as the use of refrigerators (Frankenberger et al., 2014). Geopolitical interests andsanctions affect global food supply. Countries that face sanctions may be limited in equipment casualty of the types of food they can import or export. For instance,sanctions have affected food supply atomic number 63 to Russia in the current sanctions between the some of the countries in Europe and Russia. North Korea also faces challenges in the food supplybecause of sanctions (Thomsett, 2011).Olson (2012) indicated that terrorism affects food supply because of the disruption of the food production and supply chain. Terrorism also affects the terra firma system because the farmers take alternatives that suit the prevailing conditions in the regions that are prone to terrorism.Agricul tural terrorism affects global food supply. Agricultural terrorism is a form of bioterrorism where terrorists introduce animal and plant disease in the region in order to destabilize food production (Olson, 2012). Climate change and natural disasters cause problems in global food supply. Climate change affects the agricultural systems by causing shortages in urine supply, flooding, and general inconstancies in weather conditions. Uncertainties in weather make prediction and planning difficult for farmers a factor that eventually affects global food supply (Thomsett, M, 2011 Bingxin et al., 2010). Carpenter et al. (2013) held the view that decentralization of food production would help in reducing the challenges of global food supply. Decentralization augments the conceptual aspects of food supply such as accessibility and stability. In this case,the logistics of ensuring the food reaches the consumer are less complicated because the food is within the region of the user. Ado ption of better food production methods and technologies can also help in dealing with the threats of global food supply. Mechanized farming and research in drought tolerant crops are some of the modern approaches that ensure consistency in food supply(Frankenberger et al., 2014). Improved international relations with the trade partners and collaboration in research and food production will enhance global food supply. Countries and food producers may theatre trade agreements that facilitate food supply. Negotiations on specific food processing and quality can improveworld food supply. Farmers and food processing multinational may share technologies and intelligence on bioterrorism to reduce agricultural terrorism (Carpenter et al., 2013 Olson, 2012). Decentralization of food production affects the management of production and product copyrights.Different countries and regions have unique approaches to food production. The climatic and physical conditions differ from one c ountry to another. Decentralization of production will require a strategy of aligning the processes, policies, and objectives of all the stakeholders.High costs of adoption and mitigation measures for climate change and natural disasters affect food supply. Research on crops, animals, and farming systems that are tolerant to climate change requires long terms strategies and resources(Carpenter et al., 2013 Olson, 2012).Conclusion Stability in global food supply requires a multidimensional approach. Olson (2012) showed that dealing with bioterrorism involves researchers in agricultural biotechnology and the security agencies. According toFrankenberger (2014) sustainable food supply, depends on sharing technical information on climate change. Capacity building at the production level affects the consistency of food supply. Technical information on greenhouse emissions at the local level and on a global scale can help in formulating policies on sustainability of the supply chain. Food supply also relies on the co-operation of food supply multinationals, Non-Governmental organizations, and trade organizations.ReferencesBingxin, Y et al. 2010, Toward a Typology of Food Security in Developing Countries,Governance Division, and worldwide Food Policy Research Institute.Carpenter, J, Moore, M, Alexander, N, & Doherty, M 2013, Consumer demographics, Ethno centralism, cultural values, and consumer culture in a retail eyeshot, Journal of marketing management, 29, 4, pp. 271- 291. Business source complete, EBSCOHost, viewed 13 December 2014.Frankenberger, T, Costas, M, Nelson, S, & Starr, L 2014, Building resilience for food and nutrition. Washington, DC International food Policy research Institute.Olson, D 2012, Agroterrorism threats to Americas economy and food supply, FBI law enforcement bulletin, Business source complete, EBSCOHost, viewed 13 December 2014.Thomsett, M 2011, Global supply chain risk management Viewing the past to manage todays risk from an hist orical perspective, refresh of management innovation and creativity, 4, 9, pp.44-64, Business source complete, EBSCOHost, viewed 13 December 2014.Source document

Homework: Food and Patient

Homework 5 for Lesson 15 (Due on Wednesday, March 20) Read the passage below and answer the question. , , , , , , , , Questions (True/False) ( T ) 1. Li You cooked a tofu dish and invited Wang Hong to dinner party. , ( T ) 2The tofu dish was the cause of Li Yous stomachache. ( F ) 3. When Li You went to the doctor, it took the doctor a long time to diagnose the problem. ( F ) 4. Li You asked Wang Peng to help her look for a new refrigerator. , , , , , , Questions (True/False) ( T ) 1. shortsighted Qian first met the doctor when she went to the hospital for her allergy. , ( F ) 2. According to Li You, Little Qian has suffered from her allergy for a long time. ( T ) 3. According to Li You, her allergy is Little Qians free for visiting that doctor. ( T ) 4. Liitle Qians allergy symptoms become worse when she sees the doctor. , , , , , , , , , ? , , , Questions (True/False) ( F ) 1. The patient and the doctor tinct in a restaurant. ( T ) 2.The patient has a stomachache. ( T ) 3. Neither the doctor nor the patient had dinner at home yesterday. ( T ) 4. The doctor urges the patient to take medicine as soon as possible. ( F ) 5. The doctor always dines at expensive restaurants. Multiple choice ( C ) 6. What is the doctors advice to the patient approximately dining out? _______ a. Go to more than expensive restaurants where the food is tastier. , b. Go to more reputable restaurants where the food is more expensive. , c.Go to more expensive restaurants where the food is safer. , ( B ) 7. What can we say about the doctor? _______ a. He himself follows the advice he gives to his patient. b. He himself does not follow the advice he gives to his patient. c. He advices his patient to do things his way. ?this is a form that a new patient needs to fill out in hospitals in China. Try to fill out the form as much as you can, according to your own circumstances. And metamorphose the characters and phrases that you can understand into Engli sh. ? Story telling write a story in Chinese base on the four cartons below. Mare for certain that your story has a beginning, middle and end. Also make sure that the transition from one picture to the next is smooth and logical. - - - - - - -

Intercontinental Hotels Group

Intercontinental Hotels Group (IHG), formerly rich PLC, was founded in 1777 by William Bass, when he established a brewery in the English town of Burton-on-Trent. The family 1876 was a landmark year for Bass, when it was recognized as the largest brewery in England. Even more nonably, it was in any case this year that Basss violent triangle trademark became the prototypal trademark to be registered in England. During the 1960s, Bass made two strategicalal and significant mergers.In 1961, Bass merged with Mitchells & Butler, becoming Bass, Mitchells & Butler. In 1967, Bass, Mitchells & Butler merged with Charrington United Breweries to recreate about Bass Charrington Ltd 30. The year 1970 marked Basss entrance into the world of hospitality, as it purchased about 50 hotels from the oil giant Esso 31. These hotel holdings became k directlyn as Crest Hotels. Renamed Bass PLC in the early 1980s, the companys leisure subsidiaries, including its hotel division, contributed positi vely to Basss growth and profits 32.In 1988, Bass made the first significant international move into the hotel pains by acquiring the international assets of pass Corporation right(prenominal) the United States, Canada, and Mexico for $ 475 trillion 33. The year 1989 saw the advent of legislation on the brewing industry by dint of Beer Orders. Through Beer Orders legislation, the government sought to limit the vertical integration within the brewing industry by limiting the number of pubs a brewer could own 34. Basss response was to continue to cerebrate on and baffle its international hotel line of reasoning.Therefore, on August 25, 1989, Bass made a monumental decision to purchase pass Corporations flagship Holiday Inn filament for $ 2. 23 billion. Included in this purchase were 1,410 privileged Holiday Inns and 177 company- have and managed Holiday Inns 35. Founded by Kemmons Wilson in 1952, Holiday Inn quickly grew into the largest lodging great deal in the world. A 1951 road trip to Washington, D. C. , with his wife and five children had convinced Wilson of a great indigence for a speck name hotel/motel that families could trust anywhere they traveled.Importantly, Wilson was awargon of the coming construction of a $ 76 billion federal interstate highway musical arrangement and planned to take full advantage by building Holiday Inns a bulkyside it. His foresight paid off as the interstate highway system popularized travel from coast to coast. It has been said that what John D. Rockefeller did for gasoline and Henry Ford did for automobiles, Kemmons did for lodging standardizing a harvest-festival and making it avail equal to(p) to the masses at a reasonable price anywhere they went 36.When Bass purchased Holiday Inn, the chain was in the midst of a decline due to aged properties and poor assistants. Additionally, the hotel industry was perceive great growth in bud overprotect hotel chains such as Hampton Inn. To counter these issues, Ba ss began a $ 1 billion renovation project for the Holiday Inn discoloration, launched its own budget hotel chain called Holiday Inn Express in 1991 to add a complementary brand in the limited service segment, and launched its high end Crowne Plaza Hotels in 1994 to move the group into the upscale market 37.It entered the profitable U. S. upscale extendedstay segment with the introduction and bristlement of Staybridge Suites by Holiday Inn in 1997 38. With the property raised through the sell-off of various retail subscriber linees, Bass outbid Marriott International, Patriot American Hospitality, and Ladbroke Group to baffle the Intercontinental hotel chain from Japans Saison Group for $ 2. 9 billion in 1998. Included in the acquisition were Intercontinentals 211 hotels in 77 countries 39.Thomas Oliver, then chairperson and CEO of Basss hotel division (Holiday Hospitality), summed up the acquisition well when he said that Intercontinental provides an thin geographical compl ement to Holiday Hospitalitys current structure and leaps us a broader portfolio of brands spanning the midscale and upscale markets some the globe. The purchase . . . is consistent with our strategy of growing Basss business in markets which offer long term growth opportunities 40.On June 14, 2000, Bass severed its 223 year old tie to the brewing industry when it entered into an agreement to sell its beer brewing division to Interbrew for $3 billion 41. Along with Basss trade came the cessation of its name and, on June 28, 2001, Bass officially became known as sextette Continents PLC 42. On October 1, 2002, Six Continents denote that it would be demerging the groups hotels and cushy drinks business, Britvic (to be called Intercontinental Hotels Group PLC) from the retail business (to be called Mitchells & Butlers PLC) 43.This separation process was completed on April 15, 2003, and Intercontinental Hotels Group PLC (IHG) became a distinct, discrete company. In celestial lati tude 2003, the midscale extended stay brand Candlewood Suites was added to IHGs portfolio. The new brand complemented the existing Staybridge brand and increase IHGs U. S. system size by an additional 109 hotels and 12,500 rooms. In April 2004, IHG introduced Hotel Indigo, a hotel brand unquestionable originally for conversions, to fit a variety of markets in preferred locations.The new brand was designed as a lodging alternative for the traveler seeking a refreshing hotel experience, not just a hotel room. IHG announced the disposal of 100 percent of its holding in soft drink company Britvic in December 2005. The total proceeds received from the disposal of IHGs entire interest in Britvic were ? 371 million. The disposal of soft drink assets allowed IHG to focus on being purely a hotel company 44. Intercontinental is the worlds first sincerely yours worldwide brand that has put the knowledge and understanding of all(prenominal) destination at the core of its business.The bran d is deeply rooted in a mosaic of cultures and landscapes that define our world. Thanks to its comical heritage, Intercontinental is able to go out of its way to enrich guest stays with authentic experiences that blade their world olfaction bigger. To fulfil this promise, the brand launched a programme to encourage the sharing of topical anesthetic knowledge so guests get more out of their stay. The Intercontinental brand is currently enjoying unprecedented growth, with 63 projects in the pipeline.There is silent significant opportunity to expand, especially in high-demand city centres and under-penetrated resort locations. Each Intercontinental Hotel development is unique and indigenous to its location, and attains landmark status in the locale that it touches. The Intercontinental Boston won Development range of the Year at the Americas Lodging Investment Conference in 2007, owing to elegant design and insightful use of the historic waterline.The Intercontinental Nanjing, cu rrently under construction, will soon stand as angiotensin-converting enzyme of the tallest hotels in the world. Intercontinental Hotels & Resorts unique market positioning provides many performance advantages. Resting between upper-upscale and luxury, the Intercontinental brand has greater rate elasticity within both market segments without the typical expenses. So guests experience a luxurious atmosphere while the hotel operates with upper-upscale service the perfect balance for guests and owners alike.IHGs success is built upon its perpetration to matching owners with the right brands in the correct markets. Intercontinental was among the earliest international hotel chains to enter the Kazakhstani market. IHG operates hotels in three several(predicate) shipway as a franchisor, a manager and on an owned and leased basis. The business model focuses on managing and franchising hotels. Franchising is the largest lineament of the business over 3,800 hotels operate under franch ise agreements. IHG manages 624 hotels and owns 16 hotels worldwide (less than 1% of the portfolio).The strategy of Intercontinental Hotels Group is to build the hotel industrys strongest operational system focused on the biggest markets and segments where scale really counts. IHGs operating system is made up of all the things it does to drive demand for its brands. This includes advertising and marketing campaigns, 10 global call centres, 13 local language websites, an 8,000-strong sales force, Priority Club Rewards the worlds largest hotel loyalty scheme which has 48 million members and all the advantages that IHGs global hotel distribution and scale brings to brand awargonness.One of the points highlighted in the list of strategic priorities of IHG along with such aspects as improving the performance of the brands and generating excellent returns from the hotels is strengthening the organisation through expend in people. The activities IHG supports argon aligned with its cor porate values and Winning Ways. IHGs Winning Ways are how the staff members behave every day a set of behaviours based on values that are helping the hotel chain to become ane of the very best companies in the world.They reflect the values that were developed through research with the employees across the world into how they behave at work every day and how they involve the people they work with to behave. The Winning Ways provide a strong sense of shared purpose, and are critical to driving the business performance forward, as well as making each hotel of the chain a great, enjoyable place to work. IHGs Winning Ways include the following points Doing the right thing.Everyone busy in providing services for guests and fulfilling managerial functions must keep promises and must not let people down. They also ought to take responsibility and take decisions even when theyre difficult. Showing care. It implies treating people as individuals, looking and learn for the little things that make a difference and using the own experience to find new ways to deliver great service. Aiming higher means putting hearts into learning new things, challenging and further each other and always looking for ways to improve. Celebrating difference.Every member of IHG should welcome different perspectives and listen to everyones ideas, be respectful of all cultures, look to learn from others and play an active role in the communities in which IHG operate Working together. Everyone in the team must work hard to develop excellent working relationships with colleagues, think about what they do and how it might affect others and trust and support each other. discriminate of the IHGs commitment to responsible tourism is creating opportunities for local people, preserving local customs and traditions and introducing guests to local cultures.With trading operations in more than 100 countries across six continents, ensuring that each hotel operates responsibly in local communities is a hear priority for the companys management. Given the economic downturn, focus this year has been on maximising the benefits the hotels bring to local economies via direct and indirect employment, taxes paid, local purchasing and donations to community projects 45. In addition to their corporate fronts, IHG hotels are also involved in their own right with their communities through in-kind donations, grants and volunteering programmes.Hotels grassroots level activity is now surveyed as part of Green Engage. The company trains potential employees in their communities and work with local and regional house of Commerce and trade and industry associations to support workforce development. In China, for example, it has launched an innovative public/private partnership, the IHG Academy, with known educational institutes in the region. With the first launched in Shanghai in June 2006.These Academies now operate in 11 locations, are supported by 25 partners in the region and in Dec ember 2009 had 5,000 students enrolled on one of these programmes. IHG also works with other companies and government bodies to identify and address workforce issues in the countries where it has a substantial presence. Owing to such issues as working conditions, accomplishments shortages, infrastructure development particularly in developing countries on which the hotels need to focus in order to provide local economic opportunities.This is why two discover policies for Human Rights and Supporting Communities have been put in place. IHG has detailed Group-wide policies on key Corporate business (CR) issues, including code of ethics and business conduct, environment, human rights and community. Environment. IHG understands its responsibility to respect the environment and manage its impacts for the benefit of the communities in which it operates. IHG commits to measure, manage and innovate. Human rights. IHG supports and protects human rights within its sphere of influence.As a responsible company with operations in nearly 100 countries, it believes that strong ethics and good business go together and is move to complying with the laws and regulations of the countries and jurisdictions in which it operates. To demonstrate its commitment in this area the company Supports the protection of human rights, particularly those of the employees, the parties with whom it does business and the communities within which it operates Respects its employees rights to voluntary freedom of association, under the law Provides a safe and healthy working environment Does not support forced and compulsory labour or the exploitation of children Supports the elimination of employment discrimination and promotes diversity in the workplace Provides remuneration, wellbeing consideration and tools for growing moves for the employees Promotes fair competition and does not support corruption Conducts its business with honesty and integrity in compliance with applicable laws Will de velop and implement company procedures and processes. Supporting the communities policy.IHG has a corporate commitment to be actively involved in local community issues. The chain has a clear mission that guides all its charitable endeavours to support global efforts that represent the business goals of IHG and to give back and thank the communities in which it operates. IHG provides great opportunities and experience which helps staff progress. The hospitality industry does not just employ receptionists and room attendants. To keep any large hotel operating make out the clock takes a diverse team of highly skilled specialists with backgrounds ranging from accountancy to IT.Therefore maintaining its position as the worlds largest hotel group means IHG can offer more opportunities to develop a life story in many different directions. IHG is the biggest hotel group in the industry, providing staff with lots of career opportunities. Already I think that the skills that I have gained through working with IHG have given me a better program from which to launch a successful career says Mike Li, IHG Academy graduate. A Holiday Inn hotels employee asserts, IHG offers opportunities to people who aspire to gain experience and develop their profile in an ndustry that is truly international 45. To make sure that all of its members share a common purpose of creating great hotels that guests love and are enmeshed in achieving it, IHG has made a commitment that will create an environment and culture where they can give their best and make a difference. It is called room to be yourself. People may all work for different brands, speak different languages and like different things, but all of them are passionate about something.Whether an employees passion is karaoke or canoeing, IHG promises to provide an environment so that he/she can bring the same total of energy and the unique personality to work. IHG admits that it is their people who drive the success of the busines s, so the company invests in their skill to allow them to improve and progress to a more challenging and responsible position. To help the staff to do this IHG offers a range of training programmes designed to develop their potential from the moment they become a part of the IHG team.A range of functional training and leadership development initiatives covers Revenue Management, Sales & Marketing, Housekeeping, Maintenance and supervisory Leadership. IHG also takes advantage of the online training programmes developed in partnership with the Hospitality Research Institute. In 1966 prof Chase (Ithaca, New York) who has been associated with the School of Hotel Administration since 1962 undertook development of the first management game for hotel administration. The result of this effort was the Cornell Hotel Administration Simulation Exercise (CHASE).Professor Chases course responsibilities involved property management, teaching systems, accounting, finance, and business strategy. In addition to teaching undergraduates, he has been active in the Schools Professional Development programme (PDP). This programme serves the needs of industry practitioners from around the world in multiple endeavors. IHG is the first hotel group to develop and conduct an online version of the renowned Cornell Hotel Administration Simulation Exercise (CHASE).According to Cornell Professor Daphne Jameson, The ever increase globalization of the hospitality industry and movement of people across international borders heightens the need for intercultural education and training. However, a couple of(prenominal) intercultural training materials have a hospitality focus, and customized instruction is costly. The tool presented helps reduce cultural barriers by providing a low-cost, hospitality-specific intercultural simulation that hospitality practitioners and educators can use with a wide variety of audiences. CHASE has helped companies and non-profit organizations analyze conversation problems and develop solutions, for instance, assisted individual hotel companies and tourism organizations in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and the Ukraine in comparing communication strategies and designing effective websites 45. Senior Leadership Programme offers a structured route to developing the competencies required for top-level management.The programme offers psychometric assessment and course content delivered by leading university academics that is focused on connecting with individual corporate, personal and career goals. IHG is also the only hotel group that offers assessment centres across the world to help high performing individuals in corporate, executive and supervisory roles move on and up to the next level. The most important promise that IHG gives to each and everyone who works for it is room to grow.

Beauty Therapy Stone Therapy Assignment Brief Essay

Research the history and origins of pit therapy manipulate and how it may be incorporated with other therapy related give-and-takes.Mass eld is one of the oldest forms of hands-on- meliorate known, people from virtu for each one(prenominal)y e actually culture brace mapd a combination of touch, mettle or so temperature or thermotherapy and quarrys as cure tools. The three main cultures, which choose heavily influenced how modern-day unrecorded s tactual sensation mass bestride has evolved, the Chinese, the Native Ameri groundworks and the Hawaiians although Egyptian, Ayurvedic and many other traditional ameliorate arts ar also s charge to clear utilize s specters and raise up. One of the first recorded uses of rocknrolls for healing was by Ancient Chinese a medical practitioner who regularly use various influence gems known as Bian jewels to treat disease. The use of Moxabustion electro sheerion of the herb mugwort helped to add heat to these treatments. Native Ameri johns are well known for their Sweat Lodges, which are similar to modern-day Saunas. The use of heated stones on the disdain abdomen to relieve cramps was another common Native Ameri terminate practice. Most therapists who incorporate hot stones into their massage routine agree that the Hawaiians had a major part to play in how this form of massage is use today. This is particularly true for Hahana Stone Massage. Customary uses included wrapping hot stones in leaves with certain therapeutic properties ti leaves and placing on sore muscle builders to reduce pain, like using a heat pack. .Modern-day hot stone massage therapy is a truly unique way of massage, has been gaining popularity through-out the world by and by being re-discovered in the United States in 1993. The story is that a massage therapist named Mary Nelson, who was suffering from repetitive use injuries in the shoulders and wrists, was having a sauna with her niece and which had stones in. Mary picked up rou nd of the hot stones and started massaging her niece with them, she felt great. The first style of modern-day hot stone massages therapy was called LaStone Therapy. Almost every Spa in Europe, America and Australiaoffers hot stone massage therapy on their treatment plans. There are a verity number of unalike styles of stone massage, hot stone massage and cold stone massage these sess be incorporated into different treatments like consistence massage as a pre heat treatment to warm up the muscle to forethought muscle manipulation, manicures daubd in between the fingers, pedicures placed in between the toes, facials during the massage to aid lymph drainage over the face, sports or remedial massage to relieve muscle pain or deformness in the muscle and Indian head massage to aid in relaxation.2. Explain how you would prepare the treatment area for stone therapy massage taking into account the following aspects heating, fallibleing, privacy, noise level, hygiene and finishing to uches.When you scratch the treatment live you should check the floor is clean and there is no oil spillages on the floor, if there is wipe up with warm soapy water and dry with paper towels, you should place clean tell apart sheet on the treatment bed, cover with clean towels and bed roll with modesty towels and a duster avail fit for wiping over the guest feet at the beginning and end of the massage. The sides should be wiped down with surgical spirit, unload should be clean with hand soap available. You pick out to place an hand towel down or tissue to place the stone heater on, the machine should be clean and pat established, a readily check of the wires and that the machine is in working(a) order shouldnt take more then a minute, all stones in the machine should be clean and oil impeccant, you should scram a bowl to woof the heater with water, the water should be level with the stones. You should turn the machine to pre heat for them to be at working temperature 55 C for the treatment. You should place a towel next to the machine for when you take the stones out of the heater, a bowl of cool water should be next to the towel ready incase the stone need cooling down earlier applying heat to the leaf node, you should check the thermometer in the machine to see the temperature of the water, if the water is at working temperature win over the machine to operating range to keep the stone at the correct heat. You would clear a small bowl with tissue and a cotton bud in to patch test the oil the invitee has chosen. Tissue should be placed on the floor by the bed for when the client gets off the bed to stop then from slipping from any oil still on their feet. warmth making sure the room isnt to hot or cold for the client as to more heat can make client feel faint or even collapse, if the room in to cold the client may not receive the most of the welfares from the treatment and they may not beastly comfortable.Lighting there should be mood light ing or a dimmer switch to aid in relaxation during the treatment, as a bright light may cause the client to tense up and not relax which can ruin the experience for them.Privacy the treatment should take place in a private treatment room so other client or therapist doesnt disturb the client during the treatment so the client can relax and receive all the benefits of the massage. Some client can feel self-conscious nigh their body and a private room can make them feel comfortable and not exposed.Noise Level there sound be no loud noises in or near the treatment room, reposeful music should be playing in the back ground to aid in relaxation but not to loud that it disturbs the client or any other client receiving treatments.Hygiene all treatment room should be cleaned before and aft(prenominal) client enter, the bed cover should be replaced with clean one, dirty towels should be placed into the moisten with clean ones to replaced them, angelic bed roll placed on the floor and b ed, sinks should be wiped down subsequently every treatment, any oil spillages should be cleaned up with warm soapy water, bins emptied with fresh bin liners in, fresh clean dressing gowns in the room for client use, all side be wiped down with surgical spirit, all stone washed and dried after every treatment and stone heater cleaned after every treatment, therapists should wash hands before and after treatment, therapists should have excellent personal hygiene, sort nails free of nail polish, hair tided up, plain day make up, clean fresh uniform.Finishing Touches to make yourself accept out you could place battery candles around the room, bath rose soap petals on the bed that the can take homeafter the treatment, have an oil burner in the corner to have a relaxing and welcoming smell in the room, offer rose quartz water after treatment or herbal teas to complement the treatment. This will set you apart from other therapist as it is these things that clients remember about the tre atment and what will bring them back in future and they will recommend you to friends and family3. Describe how you would align a massage routine to suit the individual clients physical characteristics to include each of the following weight, muscle tone, age, wellness and scratch condition.Every stone therapy massage is different as you would alter the massage to suit the clients needs as everyone is an individual and have different problem areas needing more concentrating on or just having the massage to aid in relaxation, what ever the reason you would always be ever-changing and adapting the massage in order to achieve the client outcome of the massage. There are many factors that could change the routine of the massageWeight weight of the client is a factor as this will consider the size of the stones, gist of oil needed and the area the therapist will be working on, you may find that people with endomorph body types maybe sensitive to heat and wardrobe but have respecta ble muscle tone as with someone with ectomorph body type maybe able to stand a potty of heat and deeper insistence.Muscle Tone clients with good muscle tone will feel the heat off the stones in the muscle in which this will help eliminate any tension in the muscle fibres, younger clients tend to have better muscle tone than older clients as with age the elasticity in the skin and muscle tend to weaken in which when lying down you may not see a lot of muscle areas but more boney areas in which you have to be careful not to cause the client any discomfort as the massage is meant to be both relaxing and enjoyable.Age age is a big factor in determining the pressure of the massage and the heat of the stones, younger client will have more elasticity and collagen in the skin which helps with the stone to reaching the skin and a smoothergliding motion over the surface, they will be able to stand more heat on the skin and tend not to bruise from the pressure of the stones on the muscles, older clients have less elasticity and collagen in which during the massage the skin takes longer to go back during the massage in which the skin may bundle up and cause the client discomfort, the client may bruise a lot more easily and more quickly due to age and clients may be more sensitive to the heat from the rocks.Health if the client is in good health they will and has a good diet stone therapySkin Condition4. Describe in full point stone therapy massage techniques and how these may be adapted to suit your clients considering general body types, muscle tone and skin conditions.Body TypesTaking into consideration the clients body type, you may find they dont have a good deal muscle on their back if they have an ectomorph body, if they are mesomorph they will have defined muscles or if they are endomorph they may have a bigger frame but not a lot of muscle, client can fall into more than one of these categories, when starting the massage with effleurage you can manual(a) and visually assess the client body type to get a good a idea of how much pressure you should apply during the massage although some clients with a small build may like a firm massage while others with a bigger build may not be able to handle the pressure.Muscle ToneEffleurageEffleurage is used for spreading the oil over the clients body and warming the muscle and tissues, this technique is used to begin the end the massage. Begin with your hand and stroke with apparent(prenominal) effleurage on the area to be massaged first, this is a good sweat to manual check the muscletone and skin condition of the client, while still doing effleurage pick up the stones and introduce the texture of the stone to the skin. seduce care over bony areas and that you can do more transverse effleurage, down the body, working on the length of the muscle fibres.StrokingA gliding stroke is often performed with the outer edge of the stone, which reduces the amount of pressure applied, and it is really us eful for finishing the movement at a lymph node to aid drainage.comb/ strippingThis is a deep, intense stroke using the stone on its edge, working the muscle along its entire length from its origin to its insertion. This helps pull the muscle fibres outward and removes tension, and is best performed when the stone has lost some of its heat, so use this after the first round of effleurage to create a deep release and stretch of soft tissue.PetrissagePressing and releasing of the tissue that you would achieve with the hands can be achieved with the stones either prostrate or for deep concentrated work using the edges. Though you do not have as much contact with the body as you do with manual massage and cannot judge the extra depth, which the stones give. These kneading movements can be very deep always be aware they can cause bruising, clients may view that pain is part of the treatment and that they must put up with it, there is a certain horrendous but relaxing feeling in having tension knots removed, it should not be continuously sore. The client should not feel tender afterwards, if they do this is a sign you are going too deeply into the tissue.FrictionsFrictions can be simulated with stones by using the edge of the stone, to give mild pressure for a soothing feeling or more concentrated pressure to stimulate the nerve endings. This will entirely aim upon the client, whether they just need tension released or deep tissue manipulation. Alternatively you may miss this movement out altogether if the client wantsto fall asleep. Piezoelectric effects or vibrations can be achieved with the stones very successfully. Vibrations can also be achieved by rhythmical tapping of two stones together creating sound one waistband in contact with skin while the other taps it at the top. This causes a transfer of zipper to electrical vibration that should gently remind the client of the noise. This method is effective at removing tension knots.Stone placingThe stones are placed on or underneath the body, covered by a towel or sheet to prevent burning. Never place stones directly onto the vertebrae or placements before the massage, placement should be after the massage continuing the good relaxing work of the stones and keeps heat in the muscles.HoldingThe heated stones can be held in the hands to keep the client warm during treatment or for any peculiar(prenominal) problems in any region. It is good to keep checking with the client that the stone isnt to hot for them or burning their hands and keep referring back to the client to check that they are comfortable.5. Research and explain two pre-blend aromatherapy oils used in stone therapy massage and the effects each blend will have on your stone therapy massage.Stimulating is recommended for people who feel sluggish, tired and emotionally drained. The benefits and use of this pre-blend is used for strengthening the immune system, uplifting, relieves bloating and indigestion, helps with high bl ood pressure and asthma, ect. congenital oilsLemon, Cedarwood, Juniper, Prunus, Citrus Peal, Peppermint and Juranium.Anti Stress is recommended for people who feel stressed, used for stimulating the lymphatic system, helps reduces headaches, helps reduces cellulite, relieves aches and pains, helps reduce insomnia, respiratory problems, helps reduce panic attacks and anxiety, helps improve self esteemEssential oilsSweet Orange, Sweet Almond, Lavender, Mandarin, Avocado, Weedjurm, Grapefruit, Petitgrain, Ylang Ylang and Margarin.The effects that the pre-blended oils have on the body when using with stone therapy massage, they will ask the body much quick and spreads though out the body much faster due to the heat stimulating the muscle fibres and blood circulation, the heat enhances the overall effect of the massage faster then manual massage as one movement with the stone massage is equal to ten movements with manual massage. otherwise benefits of pre-blended oils are Dramatic cas h advance in general health and well being, increase in vitality, improvement in the colour and texture of the skin, positive effect on mood and thought, relieves stress, stimulates or soothes the queasy system, eliminates deadly waste from the skin and muscle system, stimulates blood and lymph supply, relieves muscular tension and warms the muscles.6. Create a client tuition/after-care advice sheet, to explain the post-treatment restrictions, after-care advice and use of homecare products for stone therapy treatments.There are many physical and emotional benefits to regular stone massage. Stone massage will soothe away stress and tension, leaving you feeling peaceful, relaxed, revitalized and energized and it is nice a very popular treatment, perfect for promoting a calm mind, balanced emotions, a stress-free body and for maintaining optimum holistic health. Stone massage feels wonderful and healing, it is relaxing and has a positive effect on the mind, emotions, nervous system , circulation and muscles. After your massage you will usually feel relaxed and be enjoying the benefits of the treatment, however to gain maximum benefit its a good idea to follow a few simple guidelines for at to the lowest degree 24 hours and preferably 48 hours after you receive your massage. Try to relax and avoid strenuous action at law for the rest of the day Drink plenty of water and avoid alcohol, fizzy drinks and those containing caffeine Eat light meals and avoid heavy or spicy foodsAvoid heat treatments (hot baths, saunas etc)Avoid smoking or cut down as much as possibleFollowing your massage you may experience some of the following symptoms for up to 48 hours Aches, pains or mild flu like symptomsStuffy, runny or blocked noseHeightened emotionsTiredness or fatigueIncreased visits to the toiletSlight worsening of symptoms pestering or weepyIncreased thirstThese symptoms are quite normal and are simply a sign that your body is going through a healing process so try to take over them as something positive and know they wont last long.Bibliographyhttp//www.pearsonschoolsandfecolleges.co.uk/FEAndVocational/WorkBasedLearning/BeautyTherapy/Level3(NVQSVQ)DiplomainBeautyTherapy/Samples/Level3CandidateHandbooksamplematerial/Level3BeautyTherapyCandidateHandbookUnitB28.pdf